Candombe
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| Subclass of | Latin American folk music, music of Uruguay, South American folk dance, Rioplatense music  |
|---|---|
| Intangible cultural heritage status | Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity |
| Described at URL | https://ich.unesco.org/en/RL/00182, https://ich.unesco.org/fr/RL/00182, https://ich.unesco.org/es/RL/00182 |
| Practiced by | Q131856922 |
Candombe anɛ yʋʋma nɛ waꞌab bʋʋdi ka ba da pinꞌili di Uruguay banɛ da an African sankpanꞌasnam banɛ da faaɛn ba mɛŋ la. Yʋʋm tusa ayi' nɛ awai (2009) la ni, ka United Nations Education, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) da nɔk candombe paas Representation List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity ni.[1]
Candombe bɛɛ Argentina nɛ Paraguay nɛ Brazil mɛn. Fʋ yaꞌa keŋ Argentina, li bɛnɛ Buenos Aires, Santa Fe, Parana nɛ Corrientes. Fʋ yaꞌa keŋ Paraguay, li bɛnɛ Camba Cuá nɛ Fernando de la Mora linɛ kpiꞌe Asuncion. Ka fʋ yaꞌa keŋ Brazil, candombe nan kpɛlim ziꞌe li ziꞌesimin ka fʋ tunꞌe ye li anɛ Minas Gerais.
Ba mɔri binna kɔnꞌɔb kɔnꞌɔb zinꞌisa atan nwɛ'ɛd ka yʋ'ʋm Uruguayan yʋʋma la. Binna anɛ: chico, repique, nɛ piano. Ba ɛɛnti nwɛꞌɛdi linɛ nwadisa ayi' la ni, Montevideo malʋŋ ka nidib waꞌad ka ba buonɛ li ye llamadas nɛ desfile inaugural del carnaval.
Din yi zin'isi'a
[dɛmisim gbɛlima | dɛmisimi din yi zin'isiana]Din yi zin'isieba
Fʋ ya'a dɔlisid George Reid Andres, kʋdʋmin la teŋ sabilis banɛ bɛ Latin America la, 19th century tɛŋsug ka ninsabilis dasam da siꞌiŋi basid candombe ka ye ba waꞌa Europe's dim waꞌa banɛ an waltz, schottische, nɛ mazurka.[2] Tiakir kaŋa da kɛ ka Uruguay dim siꞌiŋi tʋꞌasid mɛn. Ka buoni ba mɛŋ ye Los Negros, upper class portenos yʋʋm tusir nɛ kɔbisnii nɛ pisyʋobu (1860) la ni nɛ yʋʋm tusir nɛ kɔbisnii nɛ pisyɔpɔi (1870) da diꞌem blackface ka maal malʋŋ yinne yʋʋm wusa ni.
African-Uruguay da laꞌasidnɛ wa'ad candombe waꞌab la Alasid daar wʋsa nɛ vʋꞌʋsim dabisa nwɛnɛ Yʋʋm paal yʋꞌʋŋ, Bunia, Saint Baltasar, Rosary Virgin nɛ Saint Benito. Ba na yiiti nyuꞌod bugum ka li tʋlig binnanam la ka ba nwɛꞌɛd ka yʋ'ʋm candombe yʋʋma, di kas-kas anɛ yʋꞌʋŋ-yʋꞌʋŋ kpiꞌes ya, wʋʋ Barrio Sur nɛ Palermo bɛ Montevideo. Banɛ tnnꞌ la zabidnɛ nɛ naꞌasaakuda banɛ da namisid nidib Montevideo teŋpukʋdigin la. Ba vʋm da kae gbinnɛ ka ba pu mɔr yɔlisim, dinɛ tiend ninsabilisi da yi zinꞌisiꞌa na.
Yʋʋm tusir nɛ kɔbiswai nɛ piinɛ atan' (1913) la ni, wa'akanɛ ka' yʋ'ʋrɛ ka kʋdʋmin dim buon ye “Viejo Tanguero” onɛ da sɔb yʋʋm tusir nɛ kɔbisnii nɛ pisyɔpɔi nɛ ayɔpɔi (1877) waꞌab kanɛ an tango ka mɛ laꞌas candombe la. Waꞌakaŋa yʋꞌʋr da anɛ “soft tango,” ka African Argentina dim da maal.[3][4][5]
Yʋʋm tusir nɛ kɔbusnii nɛ pisnii nɛ atan (1883) ni, waꞌad waꞌad onɛ ka o yʋꞌʋr an Ventura Lynch da pianꞌ Argentina dim wa'awa'adib la yɛla ye ba anɛ compadritos ka bɛɛ Argentina waꞌab zinꞌis wʋsa. Lynch da sɔb ye, banɛ an compadritos la maꞌaa waꞌad Milonga tɛmpʋʋgin la, ka gɔs ka ninsabilis waꞌab la mɔr laꞌad. Robert Farris Thompson onɛ yi Tango la, da paꞌal Lynch pianꞌad la gbin ye: The Art of Love ka li paꞌal ye tɛmpʋʋg kanɛ an compadritos waꞌadnɛ milonga ka kae teŋkpɛŋa, gauchos. Thompson da nyɛ ka nidib banɛ waꞌad milonga la sieba an ninsabilis ka sieba mɛ an ninsabilis pʋsʋk ka banɛ waꞌad la pʋ lɛm mɔr ninlaꞌasim yaꞌasɛ.
Biili linɛ bɛ candombe la da yinɛ tɛŋkanɛ ka ba buon ye Angola zina la, lin ka ba da mɔri keŋ South America 17th century nɛ 18th century la ni. Banɛ da mɔri keŋ la da anɛ nimbanɛ ka ba da kuos Kongo, Anzigua, Nyong, Quang nɛ tɛŋsieba banɛ bɛ Portugal ka daꞌad nidib la.
Banɛ malʋŋʋ an candombe la da nyaŋ Brazil (li kas-kas anɛ zinꞌibanɛ bɛ Salvador de Bahia), Cuba, nɛ Rio de la Plata nɛ li tɛmpʋʋg Buens Aires nɛ Montevideo. Tɛmbama da pinꞌil saŋa bɛɛ zin'is kɔnꞌɔb-kɔnꞌɔb la kɛnɛ ka ba yʋʋma la mɛ bɛ kɔnꞌɔb-kɔnꞌɔb. Africa dimi da maan siꞌel wʋsa da kae bʋnsaaŋi tis Argentina dim laa, candombe mɛ da nɔbigidnɛ kpɛm paasid. Africa ninsabilis banɛ ka ba da daꞌa ba ka ba bɛ Buenos zina la da bɛ anina hali yʋʋm tʋsir nɛ kɔbisnu nɛ pisnii (1580) la ni sa. Ban laꞌas nɛ naꞌasaanam la kɛ ka naꞌasaanam la zuꞌoe ka nidib banɛ yi Europe keŋ Argentina an wʋʋ milliyɔn ayuobʋ ka bakir da bɛɛ ba sʋʋgin. Tɛŋ la nidib da mɔr blangueamiento wada na, ka di da kɛ ka Argentina dim nidib la siꞌe.
Buenos Aire, li yaꞌa an gomena nama ayi banɛ da bɛ Juan Manuel de Rosas la, li anɛ naꞌana nɛ “afroportenos” (ninsabilis banɛ bɛ Buenos Aires) na waꞌan candombe la nidibin, ka Rosas nɛ o puꞌayʋa Manuel laꞌam kaae ba ka kpɛmisi ba mɛn. Ba da nyaŋ Rosas zaba ni Caseros yʋʋm tusir nɛ kɔbisnii nɛ pisnu nɛ ayi (1852) la ni, ka Buenos Aires da pinꞌili maan malʋŋ ka li kpɛn yaligid Europe dim malima ni. Afroportenos dim tʋasnɛ ba yaanam malima da an siꞌem ye ba nɔbigi ba mɛŋ bɛllimin ka dinzʋg ka din yi yʋʋm tusir nɛ kɔbisnii nɛ pisyʋobʋ nɛ ayi' (1862) la nii waꞌae sa, banɛ tisid labaya, gbaŋmiꞌidib nɛ pɔlitis nwɛꞌɛdib pʋ tami li tʋʋma.
Gɔsim nɛ' mɛn
[dɛmisim gbɛlima | dɛmisimi din yi zin'isiana]Gbanvɛɛnsa
[dɛmisim gbɛlima | dɛmisimi din yi zin'isiana]- ↑ https://ich.unesco.org/en/RL/candombe-and-its-socio-cultural-space-a-community-practice-00182
- ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Candombe#cite_note-2
- ↑ https://books.google.com/books?id=Hf_EDwAAQBAJ&q=%22Viejo+Tanguero%22&pg=PA149
- ↑ https://books.google.com/books?id=Y0_u5aLUT8YC&q=%22Viejo+Tanguero%22&pg=PA198
- ↑ https://books.google.com/books?id=bQRwDwAAQBAJ&q=%22Viejo+Tanguero%22&pg=PA360