Kʋlʋŋ
| Subclass of | architectural element, appliance, obstacle  |
|---|---|
| Connects with | doorway |
| Item operated | door hinge, door closer |
| Unicode character | 🚪 |
Kʋlʋŋ anɛ dinɛ mɔr tabidis bɛɛ dinɛ guꞌud zaꞌanɔɔr ka di an suor ka ba dɔlli kpɛnꞌɛd k yit zinꞌig kanɛ lusi lɛbis. Ba yaꞌa nwaae zanguom zinꞌig siꞌa bas ye ba dɔlli yit ka kpɛnꞌɛdi an zaꞌanɔɔr. Kʋlʋŋ tʋʋma anɛ ye di an guꞌudi tas dɔɔg la ka siꞌel wʋsa kʋ nyaŋi dɔl zaꞌanɔɔr la kpɛnꞌɛ anina. Di anɛ laʋk kanɛ ka ba maal ka di lusid zaꞌanɔɔnya banɛ dɔlli kpɛnꞌɛd zakin, dɔɔg pʋʋg, bɛɛ lɔr pʋʋg. Ban mɔr laʋk siꞌa maan kʋlʋŋ la anɛ laʋk kanɛ zɛnmis nɛ dinɛ yela ka ba yɔɔd kʋlʋŋ la. Ba mɔr nɛ tabidisi taꞌanni ba ka ba nyaŋidi yɔꞌɔsid, amaa suo siꞌeba bɛ ka ba dɔl ka nyaŋidi yɔꞌɔsid wʋʋ slides nɛ counterbalancing.
Kʋlʋŋ la yɔɔsig nɛ di yɔɔb bɛ kɔnꞌɔb-kɔnꞌɔb (dinɛ vɛꞌɛgid bɛɛ tuusidi yɔꞌɔgid, dinɛ yɔꞌɔgidi vuugidi labin filim la, dinɛ yɔꞌɔgidi pɔnbin nɛ taaba, bɛɛ dinɛ baꞌ tɛŋir nɛ agɔla ka yɔꞌɔgidi giligid) ka nidib kpɛnꞌɛd bɛɛ yit. Zinꞌis bɛdigʋ, dinɛ yɔɔd zaꞌanɔɔr la yiŋ nɛ pʋʋgin anɛ yinnɛ. Amaa zinꞌis siꞌeba (wʋʋ lɔr zaꞌanɔɔr) yiŋ nɛ pʋʋgin bɛ kɔnꞌɔb-kɔnꞌɔb. Zaꞌanɔnya siꞌeba mɔr kpadis lin na niŋ siꞌem ka sɔꞌ wʋsa kʋ nyaŋi yɔꞌɔgi li (wʋʋ banɛ yɔꞌɔsid nɛ saafi la). Kʋlʋŋ siꞌeba mɔr siꞌelnam wʋʋ dinɛ kɔꞌɔsid bɛɛ lʋmir lin na niŋ siꞌem ka banɛ bɛ yiŋ na nyaŋi paꞌal ye ba bɛ yiŋi bɔɔd kpɛnꞌɛb. Kʋlʋŋ tʋʋm yiiga an ye di bɛ zaꞌanɔɔrin ka ba kpɛnꞌɛd ka yit la, ba len mɔr tʋʋm siꞌeba banɛ an ye li kɛ ka sɔꞌ na nyaŋi sʋꞌa o mɛŋ ka lusidi kɛt ka sɔꞌ kʋ bɛ dɔɔgin ka o pʋtɛnꞌɛr kʋ bɛ yiŋa, di bakid zinꞌig yaliŋ ka ba tʋm tʋʋma kɔnꞌɔb-kɔnꞌɔb ba pʋʋsin, di mɛ lɛn kɛt ka nɛɛsim kpɛnꞌɛd ka yit, ka lɛn kɛt ka pɛbisim kpɛnꞌɛd ka pʋʋgin la an kpiꞌemis bɛɛ tʋligid bɛɛ maꞌad, li mɛ lɛn guꞌud tʋkpiidig, bɛɛ bugum ka li pʋ diti tɔlisida. Kʋlʋŋ siꞌeba mɔr vɛnlim, an zanbin bɛɛ mɔr maliŋ siꞌa. Sɔꞌ yaꞌa diꞌe dɔɔg saafi, li paꞌal ye ninkan lɛn kaꞌ saan yaꞌasɛ ka lee anɛ yi nid yʋꞌʋs.[1] Kʋlʋŋ nɛ zaꞌanɔɔr bɛ zamisig pʋʋgin ka li anɛ siꞌiliŋi paꞌan tiꞌakir yela.
Pinꞌilig
[dɛmisim gbɛlima | dɛmisimi din yi zin'isiana]Kʋlʋŋ banɛ ka ba da sɔbi digil pinꞌiligin yiiga da bɛnɛ Egyptian dim yaadin, ka li da paꞌal kʋlʋŋ daag yinne nɛ kʋlʋŋ kanɛ taꞌan daad ayiꞌ yɔɔd, ka li wʋsa da anɛ daag ka ba nɔki maal. Daasiꞌerɛ nidib la da tɛnꞌɛs nɛ ye bani kpi la na dɔl zaꞌanonya banɛ gaad, ka siꞌeba gʋlʋ paꞌal kʋm nyaꞌaŋ yela. Egypt tɛŋin, ka tɛŋ da kʋdig la, ba zaꞌanɔnya kʋlʋŋ la da pʋ mɔr filim nama, amaa tɛŋ siꞌeba nii ba mɔrɛ filim kʋlʋs—linɛ ka Vitruvius (iv. 6.) da mɔr tabirana nɛ mɔɔdi maan, ka nɔk mɔkpiꞌema dinɛ buon tympana maal vɔnya stiles nɛ rails la ni. Stiles la da an daad banɛ ziꞌe agɔl, dinɛ tɔꞌɔŋ dinɛ ka ba buon hanging stile, ka yinne bɛ tɛnsʋk ka tɔꞌɔŋ kʋnkpɛmis ayiꞌ. Daad banɛ kirigid da ziꞌeda la da bɛ agɔl, nɛ tɛŋir nɛ tɛnsʋk daag.
Dɔkʋda banɛ da bɛ la kʋlʋŋ la da anɛ daad ka ba nɔki maal, wʋʋ din sɔb winaꞌam gbaŋin naꞌab Solomon ni da ye o mɛ winaꞌam pʋꞌʋsim yin ka da nɔk olive wood (yiiga naꞌanam vi. 31–35), ka ba da kpiꞌe li ka nɔk sanlima bʋlig la. Gama banɛ pianꞌ Homer yela la ba da nɔk nɛ silver bɛɛ brass dɔligi li. Fʋ yaꞌa yis olive wood, elm, cedar, oak nɛ cypress daad nam mɛ da bɛɛ li pʋʋgin. Zaꞌanɔɔr gama ayi banɛ yʋʋgi tʋʋg yʋʋma tusanuꞌ (5,000) banɛ gaad la ka ba nyɛ ka li bɛ Zürich, Switzerland sʋꞌʋlim baba.[2][3]
Sankanɛ gaad la kʋlʋmis daa ɛɛnti tɔꞌɔŋ nɛ pintles di zugun nɛ tɛŋin kʋnkpɛmis zinꞌis banɛ ka bamaal vɔnbibis la, ka ba da maal nɛ vɔnya anina tis lintel nɛ sill, ka sill la bɛ kugkpiꞌem wan wʋʋ basalt bɛɛ granite. Hilprecht linɛ ka ba da nyɛ Nippur tɛŋin, lin da yi yʋʋma tʋsayi (2000 BC) la, da bɛ dolerite. Kʋlʋŋ kanɛ bɛ Balawat vɔnya la ba da nɔk nɛ bronze n bʋligi li (nananna di bɛ British Museum). Kʋlʋs bama yaꞌae nɛ vaad ayiꞌyiꞌ, ka yinne wʋsa an 2.54 m (100 in) yaliŋ nɛ 8.2 m (27 ft) waꞌalim; ka ba nɔk bronze bands la bʋlʋgi di, 25.4 cm (10.0 in) waꞌalim, ka ba nɔk repoussé niŋi di ye di vɛn. Daad kʋlʋmis la da wan wʋʋ 7.62 cm (3.00 in) labisim, ka dinɛ yaꞌan la gat 360 millimetres (14 in) labisim. Sheathings siꞌeba ka ba waꞌalim bɛ kɔnꞌɔb-kɔnꞌɔb ka ba nɔk bronze maal la da anɛ suor kanɛ ka ba da dɔlisidi sʋŋid daad la tabidis zinꞌis la. Hauran linɛ bɛ Syria ka daad kae la, ba da mɔri kuga maan kʋlʋmis, ka yinne wʋsa an wʋʋ 1.63 by 0.79 m (64 by 31 in) ka li bɛ British Museum. Kuffeir dinɛ pʋ lal nɛ Bostra bɛ Syria la, Burckhardt da nyɛ kuga kʋlʋs, 2.74 to 3.048 m (8.99 to 10.00 ft) waꞌalim, dinɛ bɛ zaꞌanɔɔr kanɛ dɔli kpɛnꞌɛd tɛnpʋʋg la ni. Etruria tɛŋin, kuga kʋlʋmis bɛdigʋ da bɛ anina ka Dennis nyɛɛba.
Ancient Greek nɛ Roman kʋlʋs da mɔr daag yinne, daad ayiꞌ, daad atanꞌ, sliding doors bɛɛ folding doors. Theron yaʋk linɛ bɛ Agrigentum ba nɔk kuguri kpiꞌa zaꞌanɔɔr dinɛ pʋdig zinꞌis anaasi. Blundell laꞌad dɔɔgin la mɔr kʋlʋŋ kanɛ taꞌal ayi, ka vaang yinnɛ wʋsa mɔr panels nam anu. Ba siꞌeba anɛ bronze kʋlʋs banɛ bɛ church of SS. Cosmas and Damiano, Rome tɛŋin la, an sankani ka Roman dim kʋntnam tʋʋma da an tituaa; di da mɔr vanꞌad ayi, yinne wʋsa mɔr panels ayi, ka di tabidis an bronze. Banɛ mɛ bɛ Pantheon la wan ban, ka panel baanlis tɔmisi ba daziꞌedis la agɔl, tɛŋin nɛ tɛnsʋk. Bronze kʋlʋs banɛ da bɛ Roman period la bɛ Lateran Basilica.
Greek nid one zamis gbaŋ Heron of Alexandria da maal yiiga kʋlʋŋ ka di tʋmi di tuor first century AD Roman Egypt saŋa.[4] Yiiga kʋlʋŋ kanɛ gɔsid nɔbir yairi yɔꞌɔgid ka yɔɔd la, ba da maali li nɛ China Emperor Yang of Sui naꞌam diib saŋa (r. 604–618), one da mɔr yinne o royal library ni.[4] Kʋlʋmis banɛ ka ba paŋ bɛ kuomin ka Arab inventor Al-Jazari da maali li.[5][6]
Gbanvɛɛnsa
[dɛmisim gbɛlima | dɛmisimi din yi zin'isiana]- ↑ See, for example the doorkeeping duties of the Gentleman Usher of the Black Rod.
- ↑ Jordans, Frank (October 20, 2010). "Swiss archaeologists find 5,000-year-old door". Archived from the original on November 8, 2010 – via The Boston Globe.
- ↑ Willigen, Samuel van (January 17, 2019). "Close the door!". Swiss National Museum - Swiss history blog.
- 1 2 Needham, Joseph. (1986). Science and Civilization in China: Volume 4, Part 2, Mechanical Engineering. Taipei: Caves Books, Ltd.
- ↑ Howard R. Turner (1997), Science in Medieval Islam: An Illustrated Introduction, p. 181, University of Texas Press, ISBN 0-292-78149-0.
- ↑ Penbegul, Necmettin; Atar, Murat; Kendirci, Muammer; Bozkurt, Yasar; Hatipoglu, Namık Kemal; Verit, Ayhan; Kadıoglu, Ates (2014). "Primitive robotic procedures: Automotions for medical liquids in 12th century Asia minor". Archivio Italiano di Urologia e Andrologia. 86 (4): 300–303. doi:10.4081/aiua.2014.4.300. PMID 25641458.